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In situ single particle analysis of ice particle residuals (IPRs) andout-of-cloud aerosol particles was conducted by means of laser ablation massspectrometry during the intensive INUIT-JFJ/CLACE campaign at the high alpineresearch station Jungfraujoch (3580 m a.s.l.) in January–February 2013.During the 4-week campaign more than 70 000 out-of-cloud aerosolparticles and 595 IPRs were analyzed covering a particle size diameter rangefrom 100 nm to 3 µm. The IPRs were sampled during 273 h while thestation was covered by mixed-phase clouds at ambient temperatures between−27 and −6 °C. The identification of particle types is based onlaboratory studies of different types of biological, mineral andanthropogenic aerosol particles. The outcome of these laboratory studies wascharacteristic marker peaks for each investigated particle type. These markerpeaks were applied to the field data. In the sampled IPRs we identified alarger number fraction of primary aerosol particles, like soil dust(13 ± 5 %) and minerals (11 ± 5 %), in comparison toout-of-cloud aerosol particles (2.4 ± 0.4 and 0.4 ± 0.1 %,respectively). Additionally, anthropogenic aerosol particles, such asparticles from industrial emissions and lead-containing particles, were foundto be more abundant in the IPRs than in the out-of-cloud aerosol. In theout-of-cloud aerosol we identified a large fraction of aged particles(31 ± 5 %), including organic material and secondary inorganics,whereas this particle type was much less abundant (2.7 ± 1.3 %) inthe IPRs. In a selected subset of the data where a direct comparison betweenout-of-cloud aerosol particles and IPRs in air masses with similar origin waspossible, a pronounced enhancement of biological particles was found in theIPRs

Online single particle analysis of ice particle residuals from mountain-top mixed-phase clouds using laboratory derived particle type assignment