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The diurnal variation of atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) height is studiedusing high-resolution radiosonde observations available at 3 h intervals for3 days continuously from 34 intensive campaigns conducted during the periodDecember 2010–March 2014 over a tropical station Gadanki (13.5° N,79.2° E; 375 m), in the Indian monsoon region. The heights of theABL during the different stages of its diurnal evolution, namely, theconvective boundary layer (CBL), the stable boundary layer (SBL), and theresidual layer (RL) are obtained to study the diurnal variabilities. A cleardiurnal variation is observed in 9 campaigns out of the 34 campaigns. In7 campaigns the SBL did not form in the entire day and in the remaining 18campaigns the SBL formed intermittently. The SBL forms for 33–55 % ofthe time during nighttime and 9 and 25 % during the evening and morninghours, respectively. The mean SBL height is within 0.3 km above the surfacewhich increases slightly just after midnight (02:00 IST) and remains almostconstant until the morning. The mean CBL height is within 3.0 km above thesurface, which generally increases from morning to evening. The mean RL heightis within 2 km above the surface which generally decreases slowly as thenight progresses. The diurnal variation of the ABL height over the Indianregion is stronger during the pre-monsoon and weaker during winter season.The CBL is higher during the summer monsoon and lower during the winterseason while the RL is higher during the winter season and lower during thesummer season. During all the seasons, the ABL height peaks during theafternoon (∼ 14:00 IST) and remains elevated until evening (∼ 17:00 IST). The ABL suddenly collapses at 20:00 IST and increases slightly in the night. Interestingly, it is found that the low level cloudshave an effect on the ABL height variability, but the deep convectiveclouds do not. The lifting condensation level (LCL) is generally found to occurbelow the ABL for the majority of the database and they are randomly related

Diurnal variability of the atmospheric boundary layer height over a tropical station in the Indian monsoon region