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This review paper explores recent efforts to estimate state- andnational-scale carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions fromindividual anthropogenic source sectors in the US. Nearly allstate and national climate change regulations in the US target specificsource sectors, and detailed monitoring of individual sectors presents agreater challenge than monitoring total emissions. We particularly focus onopportunities to synthesize disparate types of information on emissions,including emission inventory data and atmospheric greenhouse gas data. We find that inventory estimates of sector-specific CO2 emissions aresufficiently accurate for policy evaluation at the national scale but thatuncertainties increase at state and local levels. CH4 emissioninventories are highly uncertain for all source sectors at all spatialscales, in part because of the complex, spatially variable relationshipsbetween economic activity and CH4 emissions. In contrast to inventoryestimates, top-down estimates use measurements of atmospheric mixing ratiosto infer emissions at the surface; thus far, these efforts have had somesuccess identifying urban CO2 emissions and have successfully identifiedsector-specific CH4 emissions in several opportunistic cases. We alsodescribe a number of forward-looking opportunities that would aid efforts toestimate sector-specific emissions: fully combine existing top-down datasets,expand intensive aircraft measurement campaigns and measurements of secondarytracers, and improve the economic and demographic data (e.g., activity data)that drive emission inventories. These steps would better synthesizeinventory and top-down data to support sector-specific emission reductionpolicies

Constraining sector-specific CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; emissions in the US

Constraining sector-specific CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> emissions in the US