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We have measured black carbon properties by using a size-selected single-particle soot photometer (SP2). The measurements were conducted in northernIndia at two sites: Gual Pahari is located at the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP)and Mukteshwar at the Himalayan foothills. Northern India is known as one ofthe absorbing aerosol hot spots, but detailed information about absorbingaerosol mixing state is still largely missing. Previous equivalent blackcarbon (eBC) mass concentration measurements are available for this region,and these are consistent with our observations showing that refractory blackcarbon (rBC) concentrations are about 10 times higher in Gual Pahari thanthose at Mukteshwar. Also, the number fraction of rBC-containing particles ishigher in Gual Pahari, but individual rBC-containing particles and their sizedistributions are fairly similar. These findings indicate that particles atboth sites have similar local and regional emission sources, but aerosols arealso transported from the main source regions (IGP) to the less pollutedregions (Himalayan foothills). Detailed examination of the rBC-containingparticle properties revealed that they are most likely irregular particlessuch as fractal aggregates, but the exact structure remains unknown

Size-selected black carbon mass distributions and mixing state in polluted and clean environments of northern India