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Road traffic has significant impacts on air quality particularly in denselyurbanized and populated areas where vehicle emissions are a major localsource of ambient particulate matter. Engine type (i.e., fuel use)significantly impacts the chemical characteristics of tailpipe emission, andthus the distribution of engine types in traffic impacts measured ambientconcentrations. This study provides an estimation of the contribution ofvehicles powered by different fuels (gasoline, diesel, LPG) to carbonaceoussubmicron aerosol mass (PM1) based on ambient aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) and elemental carbon (EC) measurements and vehicle count data in an urban inner city environment in Hong Kong with the aim to gauge the importance of different engine types to particulate matter burdens in a typical urban street canyon. On an average per-vehicle basis, gasoline vehicles emitted75 and 93 % more organics than diesel and LPG vehicles, respectively,while EC emissions from diesel vehicles were 45 % higher than those fromgasoline vehicles. LPG vehicles showed no appreciable contributions to EC andthus overall represented a small contributor to traffic-related primaryambient PM1 despite their high abundance (∼ 30 %) in thetraffic mix. Total carbonaceous particle mass contributions to ambientPM1 from diesel engines were only marginally higher (∼ 4 %)than those from gasoline engines, which is likely an effect ofrecently introduced control strategies targeted at commercial vehicles andbuses. Overall, gasoline vehicles contributed 1.2 µg m−3 of EC and1.1 µ m−3 of organics, LPG vehicles 0.6 µg m−3 oforganics and diesel vehicles 2.0 µg m−3 of EC and0.7 µg m−3 of organics to ambient carbonaceous PM1

Evaluation of traffic exhaust contributions to ambient carbonaceous submicron particulate matter in an urban roadside environment in Hong Kong