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Triple-wavelength lidar observations of the depolarization ratio and thebackscatter coefficient of marine aerosol as a function of relative humidity(RH) are presented with a 5 min time resolution. The measurements wereperformed at Barbados (13° N, 59° W) during the Saharan Aerosol Long-rangeTransport and Aerosol-Cloud interaction Experiment (SALTRACE) winter campaignin February 2014. The phase transition from spherical sea salt particles tocubic-like sea salt crystals was observed  with apolarization lidar. The radiosonde and water-vapor Raman lidar observationsshow a drop in RH below 50 % in the marine aerosol layer simultaneously witha strong increase in particle linear depolarization ratio, which reachesvalues up to 0.12 ± 0.08 (at 355 nm), 0.15 ± 0.03 (at 532 nm), and0.10 ± 0.01 (at 1064 nm). The lidar ratio (extinction-to-backscatter ratio)increased from 19 and 23 sr for spherical sea salt particles to 27 and25 sr (at 355 and 532 nm, respectively) for cubic-like particle ensembles.Furthermore the scattering enhancement due to hygroscopic growth of themarine aerosol particles under atmospheric conditions was measured.Extinction enhancement factors from 40 to 80 % RH of 1.94 ± 0.94 at355 nm, 3.70 ± 1.14 at 532 nm, and 5.37 ± 1.66 at 1064 nm were found. Theenhanced depolarization ratios and lidar ratios were compared to modelingstudies of cubic sea salt particles

atmospheric chemistry and physics

Dry versus wet marine particle optical properties: RH dependence of depolarization ratio, backscatter, and extinction from multiwavelength lidar measurements during SALTRACE