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In September 2015one of the severest and most unusual dust events on record occurred in theEastern Mediterranean. Surprisingly, operational dust transport models wereunable to forecast the event. This study details the reasons for this failureand presents simulations of the event at convection-permitting resolutionusing the modelling system ICON-ART. The results allow for an in-depthanalysis of the influence of the synoptic situation, the complex interactionof multiple driving atmospheric systems and the mineral dust radiative effecton the dust event. A comparison of the results with observations reveals thequality of the simulation results with respect to structure and timing of thedust transport. The forecast of the dust event is improved decisively. Theevent is triggered by the unusually early occurrence of an active Red Seatrough situation with an easterly axis over Mesopotamia. The connectedsustained organized mesoscale convection produces multiple cold-pool outflowsresponsible for intense dust emissions. Complexity is added by theinteraction with an intense heat low, the inland-penetrating EasternMediterranean sea breeze and the widespread occurrence ofsupercritical flow conditions and subsequent hydraulic jumps in the vicinityof the Dead Sea Rift Valley. The newly implemented mineral dust radiationinteraction leads to systematically more intense and faster propagatingcold-pool outflows

Revealing the meteorological drivers of the September 2015 severe dust event in the Eastern Mediterranean