English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Over the past 10 years (2005–2014), ground-level O3in Hong Kong has consistently increased in all seasons except winter,despite the yearly reduction of its precursors, i.e. nitrogen oxides(NOx =  NO + NO2), total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs), andcarbon monoxide (CO). To explain the contradictory phenomena, anobservation-based box model (OBM) coupled with CB05 mechanism was applied inorder to understand the influence of both locally produced O3 andregional transport. The simulation of locally produced O3 showed anincreasing trend in spring, a decreasing trend in autumn, and no changes insummer and winter. The O3 increase in spring was caused by the neteffect of more rapid decrease in NO titration and unchanged TVOC reactivitydespite decreased TVOC mixing ratios, while the decreased local O3formation in autumn was mainly due to the reduction of aromatic VOC mixingratios and the TVOC reactivity and much slower decrease in NO titration.However, the decreased in situ O3 formation in autumn was overridden bythe regional contribution, resulting in elevated O3 observations.Furthermore, the OBM-derived relative incremental reactivity indicated thatthe O3 formation was VOC-limited in all seasons, and that the long-termO3 formation was more sensitive to VOCs and less to NOx and CO inthe past 10 years. In addition, the OBM results found that the contributionsof aromatics to O3 formation decreased in all seasons of these years,particularly in autumn, probably due to the effective control of solvent-relatedsources. In contrast, the contributions of alkenes increased, suggesting acontinuing need to reduce traffic emissions. The findings provide updatedinformation on photochemical pollution and its impact in Hong Kong

Long-term O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;–precursor relationships in Hong Kong: field observation and model simulation

Long-term O<sub>3</sub>–precursor relationships in Hong Kong: field observation and model simulation