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In this work, the heterogeneous reactions of NO2 with\udCaCO3–(NH4)2SO4 mixtures with a series of weight percentage\ud(wt %) of (NH4)2SO4 were investigated using diffuse\udreflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) at different\udrelative humidity (RH) values. For comparison, the heterogeneous reactions of\udNO2 with pure CaCO3 particles and pure (NH4)2SO4\udparticles, as well as the reaction of CaCO3 with (NH4)2SO4\udparticles, were also studied. The results indicated that NO2 did not show\udany significant uptake on (NH4)2SO4 particles, and it reacted\udwith CaCO3 particles to form calcium nitrate under both dry and wet\udconditions. The heterogeneous reactions of NO2 with\udCaCO3–(NH4)2SO4 mixtures were markedly dependent on RH.\udCalcium nitrate was formed from the heterogeneous reactions at all the RHs\udinvestigated, whereas CaSO4  ⋅  0.5H2O (bassanite),\udCaSO4  ⋅  2H2O (gypsum), and\ud(NH4)2Ca(SO4)2  ⋅  H2O (koktaite) were produced\uddepending on RH. Under the dry condition, the heterogeneous uptake of NO2 on\udthe mixtures was similar to that on CaCO3 particles with neglectable\udeffects from (NH4)2SO4; the duration of initial stages and\udthe NO3− mass concentrations had a negative linear relation with the\udmass fraction of (NH4)2SO4 in the mixtures. Under wet\udconditions, the chemical interaction of (NH4)2SO4 with\udCa(NO3)2 enhances the nitrate formation, especially at medium RHs,\udwhile the coagulation of (NH4)2SO4 with CaCO3 exhibits an\udincreasing inhibiting effects with increasing RH at the same time. In\udaddition, the heterogeneous uptake of NO2 on the mixtures of CaCO3\udand (NH4)2SO4 was found to favor the formation of bassanite and\udgypsum due to the decomposition of CaCO3 and the coagulation of\udCa2+ and SO42−. A possible reaction mechanism was proposed and\udthe atmospheric implications were discussed

atmospheric chemistry and physics

Heterogeneous reactions of NO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; with CaCO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;–(NH&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;)&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;SO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;4&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; mixtures at different relative humidities