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The representation of vertical velocity in chemistry climate models is a keyelement for the representation of the large-scale Brewer–Dobson circulationin the stratosphere. Here, we diagnose and compare the kinematic and diabaticvertical velocities in the ECHAM/Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy)Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC) model. The calculation of kinematic verticalvelocity is based on the continuity equation, whereas diabatic verticalvelocity is computed using diabatic heating rates. Annual and monthly zonalmean climatologies of vertical velocity from a 10-year simulation areprovided for both kinematic and diabatic vertical velocity representations.In general, both vertical velocity patterns show the main features of thestratospheric circulation, namely, upwelling at low latitudes and downwellingat high latitudes. The main difference in the vertical velocity pattern isa more uniform structure for diabatic and a noisier structure for kinematicvertical velocity. Diabatic vertical velocities show higher absolute valuesboth in the upwelling branch in the inner tropics and in the downwellingregions in the polar vortices. Further, there is a latitudinal shift of thetropical upwelling branch in boreal summer between the two vertical velocityrepresentations with the tropical upwelling region in the diabaticrepresentation shifted southward compared to the kinematic case. Furthermore,we present mean age of air climatologies from two transport schemes in EMACusing these different vertical velocities and analyze the impact of residualcirculation and mixing processes on the age of air. The age of airdistributions show a hemispheric difference pattern in the stratosphere withyounger air in the Southern Hemisphere and older air in the NorthernHemisphere using the transport scheme with diabatic vertical velocities.Further, the age of air climatology from the transport scheme using diabaticvertical velocities shows a younger mean age of air in the inner tropicalupwelling branch and an older mean age in the extratropical tropopauseregion

Kinematic and diabatic vertical velocity climatologies from a chemistry climate model