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Biomonitoring data available on levels of atmosphericpolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in pine needles from the IberianPeninsula were used to estimate air concentrations of benzo[<i>a</i>]pyrene (BaP)and, at the same time, fuelled the comparison with chemistry transport modelrepresentations. Simulations with the modelling system WRF+EMEP+CHIMEREwere validated against data from the European Monitoring and EvaluationProgramme (EMEP) air sampling network. Modelled atmosphericconcentrations were used as a consistent reference in order to compare the performanceof vegetation-to-air estimating methods. A spatial and temporal resolutionof 9 km and 1 h was implemented. The field-based database relied on apine needles sampling scheme comprising 33 sites in Portugal and 37 sites inSpain complemented with the BaP measurements available from the EMEP sites.The ability of pine needles to act as biomonitoring markers for theatmospheric concentrations of BaP was estimated by converting the levelsobtained in pine needles into air concentrations by six differentapproaches, one of them presenting realistic concentrations when compared tothe modelled atmospheric values. The justification for this study is that thegaps still exist in the knowledge of the life cycles of semi-volatileorganic compounds (SVOCs), particularly the partition processes between airand vegetation. The strategy followed in this work allows for the effectiveestimation by the model of concentrations in air and vegetation and of thebest approaches to estimate atmospheric levels from values found invegetation

Can biomonitors effectively detect airborne benzo[&lt;i&gt;a&lt;/i&gt;]pyrene? An evaluation approach using modelling

Can biomonitors effectively detect airborne benzo[<i>a</i>]pyrene? An evaluation approach using modelling