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The 2015/16 Northern Hemisphere winter stratosphere appeared to have thegreatest potential yet seen for record Arctic ozone loss. Temperaturesin the Arctic lower stratosphere were at record lows from December 2015through early February 2016, with an unprecedented period oftemperatures below ice polar stratospheric cloud thresholds. Trace gasmeasurements from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) show thatexceptional denitrification and dehydration, as well as extensivechlorine activation, occurred throughout the polar vortex. Ozonedecreases in 2015/16 began earlier and proceeded more rapidly thanthose in 2010/11, a winter that saw unprecedented Arctic ozone loss.However, on 5–6 March 2016 a major final sudden stratospheric warming("major final warming", MFW) began. By mid-March, themid-stratospheric vortex split after being displaced far off thepole. The resulting offspring vortices decayed rapidly preceding thefull breakdown of the vortex by early April.  In the lower stratosphere,the period of temperatures low enough for chlorine activation endednearly a month earlier than that in 2011 because of the MFW.  Ozone lossrates were thus kept in check because there was less sunlight during thecold period.  Although the winter mean volume of air in whichchemical ozone loss could occur was as large as that in 2010/11,observed ozone values did not drop to the persistently low values reachedin 2011.  We use MLS trace gas measurements, as well as mixing and polar vortexdiagnostics based on meteorological fields, to show how the timing andintensity of the MFW and its impact on transport and mixing haltedchemical ozone loss. Our detailed characterization of the polar vortexbreakdown includes investigations of individual offspring vortices andthe origins and fate of air within them. Comparisons of mixingdiagnostics with lower-stratospheric N<sub>2</sub>O and middle-stratospheric COfrom MLS (long-lived tracers) show rapid vortex erosion and extensivemixing during and immediately after the split in mid-March; however, airin the resulting offspring vortices remained isolated until theydisappeared.  Although the offspring vortices in the lower stratospheresurvived longer than those in the middle stratosphere, the rapidtemperature increase and dispersal of chemically processed air causedactive chlorine to quickly disappear. Furthermore, ozone-depleted airfrom the lower-stratospheric vortex core was rapidly mixed with ozonerich air from the vortex edge and midlatitudes during the split.  Theimpact of the 2016 MFW on polar processing was the latest in a series ofunexpected events that highlight the diversity of potential consequencesof sudden warming events for Arctic ozone loss

The major stratospheric final warming in 2016: dispersal of vortex air and termination of Arctic chemical ozone loss