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We use a global chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) tointerpret observed light-absorbing aerosols in Amazonia during the wetseason. Observed aerosol properties, including black carbon (BC)concentration and light absorption, at the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory(ATTO) site in the central Amazon have relatively low background levels butfrequently show high peaks during the study period of January–April 2014. Withdaily temporal resolution for open fire emissions and modified aerosoloptical properties, our model successfully captures the observed variationin fine/coarse aerosol and BC concentrations as well as aerosol lightabsorption and its wavelength dependence over the Amazon Basin. The sourceattribution in the model indicates the important influence of open fire onthe observed variances of aerosol concentrations and absorption, mainly fromregional sources (northern South America) and from northern Africa. Thecontribution of open fires from these two regions is comparable, with thelatter becoming more important in the late wet season. The analysis ofcorrelation and enhancement ratios of BC versus CO suggests transport timesof < 3 days for regional fires and  ∼  11 days for Africanplumes arriving at ATTO during the wet season. The model performance oflong-range transport of African plumes is also evaluated with observationsfrom AERONET, MODIS, and CALIOP. Simulated absorption aerosol optical depth(AAOD) averaged over the wet season is lower than 0.0015 over the centralAmazon, including the ATTO site. We find that more than 50 % of totalabsorption at 550 nm is from BC, except for the northeastern Amazon and theGuianas, where the influence of dust becomes significant (up to 35 %).The brown carbon contribution is generally between 20 and 30 %. Thedistribution of absorption Ångström exponents (AAE) suggests moreinfluence from fossil fuel combustion in the southern part of the basin (AAE ∼  1) but more open fire and dust influence in the northernpart (AAE > 1.8). Uncertainty analysis shows thataccounting for absorption due to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and primarybiogenic aerosol (PBA) particles could result in differences of< 8 and 5–40 % in total absorption, respectively

Modeling investigation of light-absorbing aerosols in the Amazon Basin during the wet season