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Methane emissions inventories for Southern California's South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB)\udhave underestimated emissions from atmospheric measurements. To provide\udinsight into the sources of the discrepancy, we analyze records of\udatmospheric trace gas total column abundances in the SoCAB starting in the\udlate 1980s to produce annual estimates of the ethane emissions from\ud1989 to 2015 and methane emissions from 2007 to 2015. The first decade of\udmeasurements shows a rapid decline in ethane emissions coincident with\uddecreasing natural gas and crude oil production in the basin. Between 2010\udand 2015, however, ethane emissions have grown gradually from about\ud13 ± 5 to about 23 ± 3 Gg yr−1, despite the steady\udproduction of natural gas and oil over that time period. The methane\udemissions record begins with 1 year of measurements in 2007 and continuous\udmeasurements from 2011 to 2016 and shows little trend over time, with an\udaverage emission rate of 413 ± 86 Gg yr−1. Since 2012, ethane to\udmethane ratios in the natural gas withdrawn from a storage facility within\udthe SoCAB have been increasing by 0.62 ± 0.05 % yr−1,\udconsistent with the ratios measured in the delivered gas. Our atmospheric\udmeasurements also show an increase in these ratios but with a slope of\ud0.36 ± 0.08 % yr−1, or 58 ± 13 % of the slope\udcalculated from the withdrawn gas. From this, we infer that more than half of\udthe excess methane in the SoCAB between 2012 and 2015 is attributable to losses\udfrom the natural gas infrastructure

Quantifying the loss of processed natural gas within California's South Coast Air Basin using long-term measurements of ethane and methane