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Specific aerosols and cloud properties over large urban regions seem to\udgenerate an island, similar to the well-known urban heat island, leading to\udlower ultraviolet (UV) radiation intensity compared to the surrounding less\udpolluted areas, thus creating a shield against excessive human exposure to UV\udradiation. The present study focuses on differences between erythemal and UVA\ud(324 nm) doses measured by the Brewer spectrophotometers in Warsaw\ud(52.3° N, 21.0° E) and Belsk (51.8° N,\ud20.8° E). The latter is a rural region located about 60 km\udsouth-west of the city. Ratios between erythemal and UVA partly daily doses,\udobtained during all-sky and cloudless-sky conditions for the period\udMay 2013–December 2015, were analysed to infer a specific cloud and aerosol\udforcing on the surface UV doses over Warsaw. Radiative model simulations were\udcarried out to find sources of the observed differences between the sites. It\udwas found that Warsaw urban agglomeration induced 8 and 6 % attenuation\udof the erythemal and UVA doses respectively. This is mostly due to the lower\udsun elevation in Warsaw during the near-noon measurements and the larger\udoptical depth of the city aerosols and increased cloudiness. It could be\udhypothesised that the expected stronger absorption of the solar UV radiation\udby urban aerosols is compensated for here by a higher surface reflectivity\udover the city

Effects of urban agglomeration on surface-UV doses: a comparison of Brewer measurements in Warsaw and Belsk, Poland, for the period 2013–2015