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Thirty water-soluble organic species, including dicarboxylic acids,ketocarboxylic acids, α-dicarbonyls, fatty acids and benzoic acidwere determined as well as organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC) andwater-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) in PM2.5 samples collected duringthe Campaign of Air Quality Research in Beijing 2007 (CAREBeijing-2007) inthe urban and suburban areas of Beijing. The objective of this study is toidentify the influence of traffic emissions and regional transport to theatmosphere in Beijing during summer. PM2.5 samples collected with orwithout traffic restriction in Beijing are selected to evaluate theeffectiveness of local traffic restriction measures on air pollutionreduction. The average concentrations of the total quantified bifunctionalorganic compounds (TQBOCs), total fatty acids and benzoic acid during theentire sampling period were 1184±241, 597±159and 1496±511 ng m−3 in Peking University (PKU), and 1050±303,475±114 and 1278±372 ng m−3 inYufa, Beijing. Oxalic acid (C2) was found as the most abundant dicarboxylic acidat PKU and Yufa followed by phthalic acid (Ph). A strong even carbon numberpredominance with the highest level at stearic acid (C18:0), followedby palmitic acid (C16:0) was found for fatty acids. According to theback trajectories modeling results, the air masses were found to originatemainly from the northeast, passing over the southeast or south of Beijing (heavilypopulated, urbanized and industrialized areas), during heavier pollutionevents, whereas they are mainly from the north or northwest sector (mountainareas without serious anthropogenic pollution sources) during less pollutionevents. The data with wind only from the same sector (minimizing thedifference from regional contribution) but with and without trafficrestriction in Beijing were analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of localtraffic restriction measures on the reduction of local air pollution inBeijing. The results suggested that the traffic restriction measures canreduce the air pollutants, but the decrease of pollutants is generallysmaller in Yufa compared to that in PKU. Moreover, an enhancement ofEC value indicates more elevated primary emissions in Yufaduring restriction periods than in non-restriction periods. This studydemonstrates that even when primary exhaust was controlled by trafficrestriction, the contribution of secondary organic species formed fromphotochemical processes was critical with long-range atmospheric transportof pollutants

atmospheric chemistry and physics

Dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, α-dicarbonyls, fatty acids and benzoic acid in PM&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2.5&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; aerosol collected during CAREBeijing-2007: an effect of traffic restriction on air quality