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Ground-based Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurements of solarabsorption spectra can provide ozone total columns with a precision of2%  but also independent partial column amounts in about fourvertical layers, one in the troposphere and three in the stratosphere up toabout 45km, with a precision of 5–6%. We use eight of theNetwork for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) stationshaving a long-term time series of FTIR ozone measurements to study the totaland vertical ozone trends and variability, namely, Ny-Ålesund(79° N), Thule (77° N), Kiruna (68° N), Harestua(60° N), Jungfraujoch (47° N), Izaña (28° N),Wollongong (34° S) and Lauder (45° S). The length of theFTIR time series varies by station  but is typically from about 1995 topresent. We applied to the monthly means of the ozone total and four partialcolumns a stepwise multiple regression model including the following proxies:solar cycle, quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO), El Niño–Southern Oscillation(ENSO), Arctic and Antarctic Oscillation (AO/AAO), tropopause pressure (TP),equivalent latitude (EL), Eliassen–Palm flux (EPF), and volume of polarstratospheric clouds (VPSC).  At the Arctic stations, the trends are found mostly negative in the troposphere andlower stratosphere, very mixed in the middle stratosphere, positive in the upper stratospheredue to a large increase in the 1995–2003 period, and non-significant when considering thetotal columns. The trends for mid-latitude and subtropical stations are all non-significant,except at Lauder in the troposphere and upper stratosphere  and at Wollongong for the totalcolumns and the lower and middle stratospheric columns  where they are found positive. AtJungfraujoch, the upper stratospheric trend is close to significance (+0.9 ± 1.0% decade<sup>−1</sup>).Therefore, some signs of the onset of ozone mid-latitude recovery are observed only in theSouthern Hemisphere, while a few more years seem  to be needed to observe it at thenorthern mid-latitude station

Trends of ozone total columns and vertical distribution from FTIR observations at eight NDACC stations around the globe