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The temperature measurements of the rotational Raman lidar of theUniversity of Hohenheim (UHOH RRL) during the High Definition ofClouds and Precipitation for advancing Climate Prediction(HD(CP)<sup>2</sup>) Observation Prototype Experiment (HOPE) in April and May 2013 arediscussed. The lidar consists of a frequency-tripled Nd:YAG laser at355 nm with 10 W average power at 50 Hz, a two-mirrorscanner, a 40 cm receiving telescope, and a highly efficientpolychromator with cascading interference filters for separating foursignals: the elastic backscatter signal, two rotational Raman signalswith different temperature dependence, and the vibrational Ramansignal of water vapor. The main measurement variable of the UHOH RRLis temperature. For the HOPE campaign, the lidar receiver wasoptimized for high and low background levels, witha novel switch for the passband of the second rotational Ramanchannel. The instrument delivers atmospheric profiles of water vapormixing ratio as well as particle backscatter coefficient and particleextinction coefficient as further products. As examples for themeasurement performance, measurements of the temperature gradient andwater vapor mixing ratio revealing the development of the atmosphericboundary layer within 25 h are presented. As expected fromsimulations, a reduction of the measurement uncertainty of 70% during nighttime was achieved withthe new low-background setting. A two-mirror scanner allows formeasurements in different directions. When pointing the scanner to lowelevation, measurements close to the ground become possible which areotherwise impossible due to the non-total overlap of laser beam andreceiving telescope field of view in the near range. Anexample of a low-level temperature measurement is presented which resolves thetemperature gradient at the top of the stable nighttime boundary layer100 m above the ground

atmospheric chemistry and physics

Temperature profiling of the atmospheric boundary layer with rotational Raman lidar during the HD(CP)&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; Observational Prototype Experiment