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We presented the results of expedition measurements of the set ofphysical-chemical characteristics of atmospheric aerosol inareas of the Arctic and Far East seas, performed onboard RVAkademik Fedorov (17 August–22 September 2013) and RVProfessor Khljustin (24 July–7 September 2013). The specificfeatures of spatial distribution and time variations of aerosol optical depth(AOD) of the atmosphere in the wavelength range of 0.34–2.14 μmand boundary layer height, aerosol and black carbon mass concentrations, anddisperse and chemical composition of aerosol are discussed. Over the ArcticOcean (on the route of RV Akademik Fedorov) there is a decrease inaerosol and black carbon concentrations in a northeastern direction: highervalues were observed in the region of Spitsbergen and near the KolaPeninsula; and minimum values were observed at northern margins of the LaptevSea. Average AOD (0.5 μm) values in this remote region were 0.03;the aerosol and black carbon mass concentrations were 875 and22 ng m−3, respectively. The spatial distributions of most aerosolcharacteristics over Far East seas show their latitudinal decrease in thenorthern direction. On transit of RV Professor Khljustin from theJapan Sea to the Chukchi Sea, the aerosol number concentration decreased onaverage from 23.7 to 2.5 cm−3, the black carbon mass concentrationdecreased from 150 to 50 ng m−3, and AOD decreased from 0.19 to 0.03.We analyzed the variations in the boundary layer height, measured byship-based lidar: the average value was 520 m, and the maximal value was1200 m. In latitudinal distribution of the boundary layer height, there is acharacteristic minimum at a latitude of ~ 55° N. For waterbasins of eight seas, we present the chemical compositions of thewater-soluble aerosol fraction (ions, elements) and small gas-phase species,as well as estimates of their vertical fluxes. It is shown that substancesare mainly (75–89 %) supplied from the atmosphere to the sea surfacetogether with gas-phase species. The deposited ions account for from 11 to24.5 %, and trace elements account for 0.2–0.4 % of the total sum ofwater-soluble components. The average vertical fluxes of aerosol substanceare a factor of 4–7 larger in the Japan Sea than in the water basins ofArctic seas

On measurements of aerosol-gas composition of the atmosphere during two expeditions in 2013 along the Northern Sea Route