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The impact of a typical pre-monsoon season (April–June) dust storm event onthe regional aerosol optical properties and radiation budget in northernIndia is analyzed. The dust storm event lasted from 17 to 22 April 2010 andthe Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem)estimated total dust emissions of 7.5 Tg over the model domain. Both in situ(AERONET – Aerosol Robotic Network) and satellite observations showsignificant increase (> 50%) in local to regional scaleaerosol optical depth (AOD) and decrease (> 70%) in theÅngström exponent (α) during this period. Amongst the AERONETsites in this region, Kanpur was influenced the most, where the AOD reachedup to 2.1 and the α decreased to −0.09 during the dust stormperiod. The WRF-Chem model reproduced the spatial and temporal distributionsof dust plumes and aerosol optical properties but generally underestimatedthe AOD. The average MODIS and WRF-Chem AOD (550 nm) values in a subregion(70–80° E, 25–30° N) affected the most by the dust stormare estimated as 0.80 ± 0.30 and 0.68 ± 0.28, respectively. Modelresults show that dust particles cool the surface and the top of theatmosphere, but warm the atmosphere itself. The radiative perturbation due todust aerosols averaged over the subregion is estimated as−2.9 ± 3.1 W m−2 at the top of the atmosphere,5.1 ± 3.3 W m−2 in the atmosphere and−8.0 ± 3.3 W m−2 at the surface. The simulated instantaneouscooling under the dust plume was much higher and reached −227 and−70 W m−2 at the surface and the top of the atmosphere,respectively. The impact of these radiative perturbations on the surfaceenergy budget is estimated to be small on a regional scale but significantlocally

WRF-Chem simulations of a typical pre-monsoon dust storm in northern India: influences on aerosol optical properties and radiation budget