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Spatial and temporal variations of summer sea ice albedo over the Arctic areanalyzed using an ensemble of historical CMIP5 model simulations. The resultsare compared to the CLARA-SAL product that is based on long-term satelliteobservations. The summer sea ice albedo varies substantially among CMIP5models, and many models show large biases compared to the CLARA-SAL product.Single summer months show an extreme spread of ice albedo among models; Julyvalues vary between 0.3 and 0.7 for individual models. The CMIP5 ensemblemean, however, agrees relatively well in the central Arctic but shows toohigh ice albedo near the ice edges and coasts. In most models, the ice albedois spatially too uniformly distributed. The summer-to-summer variations seemto be underestimated in many global models, and almost no model is able toreproduce the temporal evolution of ice albedo throughout the summer fully.While the satellite observations indicate the lowest ice albedos duringAugust, the models show minimum values in July and substantially highervalues in August. Instead, the June values are often lower in the models thanin the satellite observations. This is probably due to too high surfacetemperatures in June, leading to an early start of the melt season and toocold temperatures in August causing an earlier refreezing in the models. Thesummer sea ice albedo in the CMIP5 models is strongly governed by surfacetemperature and snow conditions, particularly during the period of melt onsetin early summer and refreezing in late summer.  The summer surface net solar radiation of the ice-covered Arctic areas ishighly related to the ice albedo in the CMIP5 models. However, the impact ofthe ice albedo on the sea ice conditions in the CMIP5 models is not clearlyvisible. This indicates the importance of other Arctic and large-scaleprocesses for the sea ice conditions

Summer Arctic sea ice albedo in CMIP5 models