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Agricultural dust emissions have been estimated to contribute around 20%to the global dust burden. In contrast to dusts from arid source regions, theice-nucleating abilities of which have been relatively well studied, soildusts from fertile sources often contain a substantial fraction of organicmatter. Using an experimental methodology which is sensitive to a wide rangeof ice nucleation efficiencies, we have characterised the immersion modeice-nucleating activities of dusts (d < 11 μm)extracted from fertile soils collected at four locations around England. Bycontrolling droplet sizes, which ranged in volume from 10−12 to10−6 L (concentration = 0.02 to 0.1 wt% dust), we have beenable to determine the ice nucleation behaviour of soil dust particles attemperatures ranging from 267 K (−6 °C) down to the homogeneouslimit of freezing at about 237 K (−36 °C). At temperatures above258 K (−15 °C) we find that the ice-nucleating activity of soildusts is diminished by heat treatment or digestion with hydrogen peroxide,suggesting that a major fraction of the ice nuclei stems from biogeniccomponents in the soil. However, below 258 K, we find that the ice activesite densities tend towards those expected from the mineral components in thesoils, suggesting that the inorganic fraction of soil dusts, in particularthe K-feldspar fraction, becomes increasingly important in the initiation ofthe ice phase at lower temperatures. We conclude that dusts from agriculturalactivities could contribute significantly to atmospheric IN concentrations,if such dusts exhibit similar activities to those observed in the currentlaboratory study

Ice nucleation by fertile soil dusts: relative importance of mineral and biogenic components