English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Stratocumulus clouds are important for climate as they reflect large amountsof solar radiation back into space. However they are difficult to simulate inglobal climate models because they form under a sharp inversion and arethin. A comparison of model simulations with the ECHAM6-HAM2 global aerosolclimate model to observations, reanalysis and literature data revealed toostrong turbulent mixing at the top of stratocumulus clouds and a lack ofvertical resolution. Further reasons for cloud biases in stratocumulusregions are the too "active" shallow convection scheme, the cloud coverscheme and possibly too low subsidence rates. To address some of these issues and improve the representation ofstratocumulus clouds, we made three distinct changes to ECHAM6-HAM2. With a"sharp" stability function in the turbulent mixing scheme we have observed,similar to previous studies, increases in stratocumulus cloud cover andliquid water path. With an increased vertical resolution in the lowertroposphere in ECHAM6-HAM2 the stratocumulus clouds form higher up in theatmosphere and their vertical extent agrees better with reanalysis data. Therecently implemented in-cloud aerosol processing in stratiform clouds isused to improve the aerosol representation in the model. Including the improvements also affects the anthropogenic aerosol effect.In-cloud aerosol processing in ECHAM6-HAM2 leads to a decrease in the anthropogenic aerosol effect in the global annual mean from −1.19 Wm−2 inthe reference simulation to −1.08 Wm−2, while using a "sharp" stabilityfunction leads to an increase to −1.34 Wm−2. The results from thesimulations with increased vertical resolution are diverse but increase theanthropogenic aerosol effect to −2.08 Wm−2 at 47 levels and−2.30 Wm−2 at 95 levels

Impact of the representation of marine stratocumulus clouds on the anthropogenic aerosol effect