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A daytime underflight of CALIPSO with the Facility for AirborneAtmospheric Measurements was performed on 20 September2012 in the Amazon region of Brazil, during the biomass burning season.The scene is dominated by a thin elevated layer (aerosol opticaldepth (AOD) 0.03 at 532 nm) and a moderately turbid boundary layer(AOD ~ 0.2 at 532 nm).The boundary layer is topped with small broken stratocumulusclouds.In this complex scene, a comparison of observations from theairborne and spaceborne lidars reveals a few discrepancies.The CALIPSO detection scheme tends to miss the elevated thinlayer, and also shows several gaps (~ 30%) in the boundary layer.The small clouds are not correctly removed from the signals;this can cause the CALIPSO aerosolsubtype to oscillate between smoke and polluted dust and mayintroduce distortion in the aerosol retrieval scheme.The magnitude of the average extinction coefficient estimated fromCALIPSO Level 2 data in the boundary layer is as expected, whencompared to the aircraft lidar and accounting for wavelengthscaling.However, when the gaps in aerosol detection mentioned aboveare accounted for, we are left withan overall estimate of AOD for this particularscene that is of the order of two thirds of that determined withthe airborne lidar

Airborne verification of CALIPSO products over the Amazon: a case study of daytime observations in a complex atmospheric scene