English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

We present in situ measurements of particle-phase liquid water. Measurementswere conducted from 3 June to 15 July 2013 during the Southern Oxidant andAerosol Study (SOAS) in the southeastern US. The region is photochemicallyactive, humid, dominated by biogenic emissions, impacted by anthropogenicpollution, and known to contain high concentrations of organic aerosol mass.Measurements characterized mobility number size distributions of ambientatmospheric aerosols in three states: unperturbed, dry, and dry-humidified.Unperturbed measurements describe the aerosol distribution at ambienttemperature and relative humidity. For the dry state, the sample was routedthrough a cold trap upstream of the inlet then reheated, while for thedry-humidified state the sample was rehumidified after drying. The totalvolume of water and semi-volatile compounds lost during drying wasquantified by differencing dry and unperturbed volumes from the integratedsize spectra, while semi-volatile volumes lost during drying were quantifieddifferencing unperturbed and dry-humidified volumes. Results indicate thatparticle-phase liquid water was always present. Throughout the SOAScampaign, median water mass concentrations at the relative humidity (RH)encountered in the instrument typically ranged from 1 to 5 μg m−3but were as high as 73 μg m−3. On non-raining days,morning time (06:00–09:00) median mass concentrations exceeded15 μg m−3. Hygroscopic growth factors followed a diel cycle and exceed2 from 07:00 to 09:00 local time. The hygroscopicity parameter kapparanged from 0.14 to 0.46 and hygroscopicity increased with increasingparticle size. An observed diel cycle in kappa is consistent with changes inaerosol inorganic content and a dependency of the hygroscopicity parameteron water content. Unperturbed and dry-humidified aerosol volumes did notresult in statistically discernible differences, demonstrating that dryingdid not lead to large losses in dry particle volume. We anticipate that ourresults will help improve the representation of aerosol water content andaqueous-phase-mediated partitioning of atmospheric water-soluble gases inphotochemical models

Trends in particle-phase liquid water during the Southern Oxidant and Aerosol Study