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The fires around Moscow in July and August 2010 emitted a large amount of pollutants  to the atmosphere. Here we estimate the carbon monoxide (CO) source  strength of the Moscow fires in July and August by using the  TM5-4DVAR system in combination with CO column observations of the  Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI). It is shown  that the IASI observations provide a strong constraint on the total  emissions needed in the model. Irrespective of the prior emissions  used, the optimised CO fire emission estimates from mid-July to  mid-August 2010 amount to approximately 24 Tg CO. This  estimate depends only weakly (< 15%) on the assumed diurnal variations and  injection height of the emissions. However, the estimated emissions might depend on  unaccounted model uncertainties such as vertical transport.  Our emission estimate of  22–27 Tg CO during roughly one month of intense burning is  less than suggested by another recent study, but substantially  larger than predicted by the bottom-up inventories. This latter  discrepancy suggests that bottom-up emission estimates for extreme  peat burning events require improvements

How much CO was emitted by the 2010 fires around Moscow?