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In order to evaluate the observed high rural ozone levels in the easternMediterranean area during summertime, vertical profiles of ozone measured inthe period 1994–2008 in the framework of the MOZAIC project (Measurement ofOzone and Water Vapor by Airbus in Service Aircraft) over the easternMediterranean basin (Cairo, Tel Aviv, Heraklion, Rhodes, Antalya) wereanalyzed, focusing in the lower troposphere (1.5–5 km). At first, verticalprofiles collected during extreme days with very high or very lowtropospheric ozone mixing ratios have been examined together with thecorresponding back-trajectories. Also, the average profiles of ozone,relative humidity, carbon monoxide, temperature gradient and wind speedcorresponding to the 7% highest and the 7% lowest ozone mixing ratiosfor the 1500–5000 m height layer for Cairo and Tel Aviv have been examinedand the corresponding composite maps of geopotential heights at 850 hPa havebeen plotted. Based on the above analysis, it turns out that thelower-tropospheric ozone variability over the eastern Mediterranean area iscontrolled mainly by the synoptic meteorological conditions, combined withlocal topographical and meteorological features. In particular, the highestozone concentrations in the lower troposphere and subsequently in theboundary layer are associated with large-scale subsidence of ozone-rich airmasses from the upper troposphere under anticyclonic conditions while thelowest ozone concentrations are associated with low pressure conditionsinducing uplifting of boundary-layer air, poor in ozone and rich in relativehumidity, to the lower troposphere

Examination of the atmospheric conditions associated with high and low summer ozone levels in the lower troposphere over the eastern Mediterranean