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Solar spectral fluxes (or irradiance) measured by the SOlar Radiation andClimate Experiment (SORCE) show different variability at ultraviolet (UV)wavelengths compared to other irradiance measurements and models(e.g. NRL-SSI, SATIRE-S). Some modelling studies have suggested thatstratospheric/lower mesospheric O3 changes during solar cycle 23(1996–2008) can only be reproduced if SORCE solar fluxes are used. We haveused a 3-D chemical transport model (CTM), forced by meteorology from theEuropean Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), to simulatemiddle atmospheric O3 using three different solar flux data sets (SORCE,NRL-SSI and SATIRE-S). Simulated O3 changes are compared with MicrowaveLimb Sounder (MLS) and Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband EmissionRadiometry (SABER) satellite data. Modelled O3 anomalies from all solarflux data sets show good agreement with the observations, despite thedifferent flux variations. The off-line CTM reproduces these changes throughdynamical information contained in the analyses. A notable feature duringthis period is a robust positive solar signal in the tropical middlestratosphere, which is due to realistic dynamical changes in our simulations.Ozone changes in the lower mesosphere cannot be used to discriminate betweensolar flux data sets due to large uncertainties and the short time span of theobservations. Overall this study suggests that, in a CTM, the UV variationsdetected by SORCE are not necessary to reproduce observed stratospheric O3changes during 2001–2010

atmospheric chemistry and physics

Stratospheric O&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; changes during 2001–2010: the small role of solar flux variations in a chemical transport model