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In the North Pacific, transport and deposition of mineral dust from Asiaappear to be one of major sources of iron which can regulate growth ofphytoplankton in the ocean. In this process, it is essential to identifychemical species of iron contained in Asian dust, because bioavailability ofiron in the ocean is strongly influenced by the solubility of iron, which inturn is dependent on iron species in the dust. Here, we report that clayminerals (illite and chlorite) in the dusts near the source collected atAksu (western China) can be transformed into ferrihydrite by atmosphericchemical processes during their long-range transport to eastern China(Qingdao) and Japan (Tsukuba) based on the speciation by X-ray absorptionfine structure (XAFS) and other methods such as X-ray diffraction andchemical extraction. As a result, Fe molar ratio in Aksu(illite : chlorite : ferrihydrite = 70 : 25 : 5)was changed to that in Tsukuba (illite : chlorite : ferrihydrite = 65 : 10 : 25).Moreover, leaching experiments were conducted to study the changeof iron solubility. It was found that the ironsolubility for the dust in Tsukuba (soluble iron fraction: 11.8 % and1.10 % for synthetic rain water and seawater, respectively) was largerthan that in Aksu (4.1 % and 0.28 %, respectively), showing that iron inthe dust after the transport becomes more soluble possibly due to theformation of ferrihydrite in the atmosphere. Our findings suggested thatsecondary formation of ferrihydrite during the transport should beconsidered as one of important processes in evaluating the supply of solubleiron to seawater

Change of iron species and iron solubility in Asian dust during the long-range transport from western China to Japan