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The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Soundingonboard ENVISAT (MIPAS–E) offers the opportunity to detect andspectrally resolve many atmospheric minor constituents affectingatmospheric chemistry. In this paper, we retrieve global, seasonal PAN volume mixingratio (vmr) data from MIPAS-E measurements madein January, March, August and  October 2003 and present results from this schemebetween approximately 300 and 150 hPa. The total error on asingle PAN retrieval is better than 20% outside the tropics and betterthan 50% in the tropics where uncertainties in water vapor dominate thetotal error budget. We observe clear differences in the seasonal cycle of PANin our data, linked closely to biomass burning regions and growingseasons. Highest Northern Hemisphere mid-latitude PAN vmrs were observedin August (300–600 pptv on average) compared with the January and October data(less than 250 pptv on average). In the March 2003 data we observe highestPAN vmrs in the tropics with evidence of vmrs between 600 and 1000 pptv overEastern Asia and over the Central Pacific at 333 hPa. The vertical distributionof PAN as a function of latitude (i.e. the zonal mean) highlights the stronginter-annual variability of PAN in the upper troposphere and lowerstratosphere (UTLS), most pronounced poleward of 40° N (up to 400 pptv over theyear). The variability of PAN in the tropical UTLS is also significant and wederive a variability of up to 250 pptv in the averages between January andOctober 2003. These results represent the first seasonal observations of PANin the UTLS

Seasonality of Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere using the MIPAS-E instrument