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This paper presents a new method for simultaneouslyretrieving aerosol and surface reflectance properties from combined airborneand ground-based direct and diffuse radiometric measurements. The method isbased on the standard Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) method forretrieving aerosol size distribution, complex index of refraction, andsingle scattering albedo, but modified to retrieve aerosol properties in twolayers, below and above the aircraft, and parameters on surface opticalproperties from combined datasets (Cloud Absorption Radiometer (CAR) andAERONET data). A key advantage of this method is the inversion of allavailable spectral and angular data at the same time, while accounting forthe influence of noise in the inversion procedure using statisticaloptimization. The wide spectral (0.34–2.30 μm) and angular range(180°) of the CAR instrument, combined with observations from an AERONETsunphotometer, provide sufficient measurement constraints for characterizingaerosol and surface properties with minimal assumptions. The robustness ofthe method was tested on observations made during four different fieldcampaigns: (a) the Southern African Regional Science Initiative 2000 overMongu, Zambia, (b) the Intercontinental Transport Experiment-Phase B overMexico City, Mexico (c) Cloud and Land Surface Interaction Campaign over theAtmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Central Facility, Oklahoma, USA, and(d) the Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraftand Satellites (ARCTAS) over Elson Lagoon in Barrow, Alaska, USA. The fourareas are dominated by different surface characteristics and aerosol types,and therefore provide good test cases for the new inversion method

Simultaneous retrieval of aerosol and surface optical properties from combined airborne- and ground-based direct and diffuse radiometric measurements