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The observed rapid climate warming in the Arctic requires improvements inpermafrost and carbon cycle monitoring, accomplished by setting up long-termobservation sites with high-quality in-situ measurements of turbulent heat,water and carbon fluxes as well as soil physical parameters in Arcticlandscapes. But accurate quantification and well adapted parameterizationsof turbulent fluxes in polar environments presents fundamental problems insoil-snow-ice-vegetation-atmosphere interaction studies. One of theseproblems is the accurate estimation of the surface or aerodynamictemperature T<sub>(0)</sub> required to force most of the bulk aerodynamic formulaecurrently used. Results from the Arctic-Turbulence-Experiment (ARCTEX-2006)performed on Svalbard during the winter/spring transition 2006 helped tobetter understand the physical exchange and transport processes of energy.The existence of an atypical temperature profile close to the surface in theArctic spring at Svalbard could be proven to be one of the major issueshindering estimation of the appropriate surface temperature. Thus, it isessential to adjust the set-up of measurement systems carefully whenapplying flux-gradient methods that are commonly used to forceatmosphere-ocean/land-ice models. The results of a comparison of differentsensible heat-flux parameterizations with direct measurements indicate thatthe use of a hydrodynamic three-layer temperature-profile model achieves thebest fit and reproduces the temporal variability of the surface temperaturebetter than other approaches

atmospheric chemistry and physics

The effect of misleading surface temperature estimations on the sensible heat fluxes at a high Arctic site – the Arctic Turbulence Experiment 2006 on Svalbard (ARCTEX-2006)