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High frequency of agricultural fires is observed every year during thesummer months over SW Russia and Eastern Europe. This study investigates theinitial injection height of aerosol generated by the fires over theseregions during the biomass burning season, which determines the potentialfor long-range transport of the smoke. This information is critical foraerosol transport modeling, as it determines the smoke plume evolution. Thestudy focuses on the period 2006–2008, and is based on observations made bythe CALIOP instrument on board the NASA CALIPSO satellite. MODIS data aresynergistically used for the detection of the fires and the characterizationof their intensity. CALIPSO aerosol vertical distributions generated by theactive fires are analyzed to investigate the aerosol top height which isconsidered dependent on the heat generated by the fires and can beassociated with the initial injection height. Aerosol top heights of thevertically homogenous smoke layers are found to range between 1.6 and 5.9 km.Smoke injection heights from CALIPSO are compared with mixing layerheights taken by the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecast(ECMWF), to investigate the direct injection of smoke particles into thefree troposphere. Our results indicate that the aerosol plumes are observedwithin the boundary layer for the 50% of the cases examined. For the restof the cases, the strong updrafts generated by the fires resulted to smokeinjection heights greater than the ECMWF estimated mixing layer by 0.5 to3.0 km, indicating a direct smoke injection into the free troposphere. Thesmoke injection height showed a dependence on the MODIS-Land Fire RadiativePower product which is indicative of the fire intensity, especially in thecases of lower static stability in the upper part of the boundary layer andthe free troposphere

Smoke injection heights from agricultural burning in Eastern Europe as seen by CALIPSO