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On sandy beaches of southern Shikoku, one temperate-zone crab, Ocypode stimpsoni, and two tropical and subtropical crabs, O. sinensis and O. ceratophthalma, co-occur, dwelling in individual burrows. Their distribution patterns, food habits, and physiological condition were investigated seasonally. Among the three species, O. sinensis was distributed in the highest zone vegetated with Vitex rotundifolia and Calystegia soldanella and was well segregated from the others except during its juvenile stage. It fed on terrestrial invertebrates and terrestrial plants. The distribution of O. ceratophthalma overlapped with that of O. stimpsoni; O. ceratophthalma mainly fed on terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates whereas O. stimpsoni fed on detritus and diatoms together with terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates. Ocypode ceratophthalma was poor in hepatopancreas index late in autumn and rarely overwintered, with the result that almost the entire population consisted of immature individuals. It is likely that the population of O. ceratophthalma in southern Shikoku is maintained by a supply of larvae from more southern regions. It is possible that O. stimpsoni, which is competitively inferior to O. ceratophthalma due to its smaller adult size, may become extinct in southern Shikoku if the recent rise in air temperature during winter enables more individuals of O. ceratophthalma to thrive there. Key Words: food habits, Ocypode, overwintering, population dynamics, seasonal distribution 0 >?@A?BCD 30 EF G HI J? K LMNO>P QRS QTU V = W XFellow 1973; YZ[)\1 ]D =WEF GHI^ >? _` Ocypode sinensis, O. stimpsoni, abc O. ceratophthalma, d d O. cordimanus Me f O. mortoni 5 Dg X h 1995; Sakai 2000; S 2006\1 i jk l mn9 U >? o J TU E pq? P Q! Qr MsItuvwSHI^ _` Mabc XFellow 1973; Sakai 1976; x 1976; h 1995; S 2006\? y RSz{ | $ }~9 D  s? Qr MtuvwSH XDai et al. 1985;  1995; h 1995\ E=W 1  ? G = D? T MS H P Q! Qr U E GHI^ (Graham & Grimm 1990; Aoki 1997; Ishida et al. 2001; Walther et al. 2002). U   >?  O :;     ESH (Steele 1985; Alheit & Hagen 1997; Peterson et al. 2001; Gregory et al. 2002; Archaux 2004). P Q! Qr D> :;  I E iJ? p? Qr D>?  J=WU ¡¢E=W£ RS¤¥ iMD¦§ ̈ !E i MSHI^ (Dukes & Moonley 1999). z{? ? { mn9 UD>? mn ©aGHp P Q! Qr E"«s? #¬ ­sI^ iME® ̄ J GHI°p X±2 1980; $% 1985; h 1985\1 sRs?  mn9 UD ~3  (Serisawa et Received 1 Nov. 2006 Accepted 19 Oct. 2007 Corresponding author @ ́§μ 2950 3102 ¶·3¶·6 ̧]18 2338 6 E-mail: mano@keiwa-h.ed.jp Present address: 2338 6 Shimami-cho, Kita-ku, Niigata 950 3102, Japan Japanese Journal of Benthology o » +1⁄41⁄2 63: 2 10 (2008)

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Seasonal Distribution Patterns and Food Habits of Three Ghost Crabs, Ocypode sinensis, O. stimpsoni, and O. ceratophthalma, Co-occurring in Southern Shikoku