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Objective: Our aim was to compare the clinical characteristics including risk factors, comorbidities, short-term outcome and long-term mortality in acute ischemic stroke patients with or without diabetes mellitus. Methods: This study includes all consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to the Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital between February 2006 and January 2012. The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was used to assess stroke severity on admission. Short-term outcome was determined by the modified Rankin scale (mRS), NIHSS, and Barthel index on day 7 after stroke onset. First emergency readmission < 12 months after discharge was registered. Survival state was obtained by consulting the official population registry. Results: In total, 1867 patients of which 283 (15%) patients had diabetes mellitus. Relative frequency of diabetes mellitus according to age showed and inverse U-shape with highest frequency at 75-80 years for males, whereas the frequency was independent of age among females. More males than females had diabetes mellitus. Patients with diabetes mellitus more often had myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, hypertension (all P<.001), and higher total risk factor burden (P<.001). Patients with diabetes mellitus had worse short-term outcome (P<0.001) and long-term mortality was increased. Patients with diabetes mellitus had more frequent first emergency readmission within 90 days (P=0.044). Conclusions: Stroke patients with diabetes mellitus have significantly more traditional risk factors. Short-term outcome and long-term mortality were worse. Relative frequencies of diabetes mellitus and age differed between males and females.

Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on 1867 Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients. A Bergen NORSTROKE Study