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After a successful scrubbing run in the beginning of 2011, the LHC can bepresently operated with high intensity proton beams with 50 ns bunch spacing.However, strong electron cloud effects were observed during machine studieswith the nominal beam with 25 ns bunch spacing. In particular, fast transverseinstabilities were observed when attempting to inject trains of 48 bunches intothe LHC for the first time. An analysis of the turn-by-turn bunch-bybunch datafrom the transverse damper pick-ups during these injection studies ispresented, showing a clear signature of the electron cloud effect. Theseexperimental observations are reproduced using numerical simulations: theelectron distribution before each bunch passage is generated with PyECLOUD andused as input for a set of HEADTAIL simulations. This paper describes thesimulation method as well as the sensitivity of the results to the initialconditions for the electron build-up. The potential of this type of simulationsand their clear limitations on the other hand are discussed.

Benchmarking headtail with electron cloud instabilities observed in the LHC