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E xporting avocado involves a number of postharvest problems because the fruit has a limited shelf life and marked sensitivity to development of chilling injury when using low temperatures to prolong its useful life. There are measures to alleviate the problem, such as infiltration of calcium ions; therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of preharvest spraying of Ca(NO3)2, at 0.3 and 0.5 %, on the postharvest physiology of cv. Hass fruits stored at 5 °C and room temperature for five weeks. The sprayings were performed in the aerial part every six weeks until harvest, totaling six applications. The variables evaluated were: ethylene production, respiration rate, calcium concentration in the exocarp and mesocarp, firmness, polyphenol oxidase activity, weight loss and chilling injury. It was found that Ca(NO3)2, at 0.3 and 0.5 %, decreased the respiratory rate and ethylene production during storage at room temperature and under chilling conditions. An Increase in the calcium concentration in the exocarp (0.085 %) was observed when 0.5 % Ca(NO3)2 was sprayed, as compared to the control (0.08 %). In the mesocarp, concentrations of 0.081 % were reached by spraying Ca(NO3)2 at 0.3 % and 0.084 % with calcium at 0.5 %, values higher than those of the control (0.078 %). In general, the Ca(NO3)2 sprayings decreased weight loss, polyphenol oxidase activity and chilling injury. Resumen L a exportacion de aguacate implica una serie de problemas postcosecha debido a que el fruto tiene vida de anaquel limitada, asi como marcada sensibilidad al desarrollo de danos por frio al usar temperaturas bajas para prolongar su vida util. Existen coadyuvantes que permiten aminorar el problema, como la infiltracion de iones de calcio; por ello, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar aspersiones precosecha de Ca(NO3)2 a 0.3 y 0.5 % en la fisiologia postcosecha de frutos del cv. Hass almacenados en 5 °C y temperatura ambiente por cinco semanas. Las aspersiones se realizaron en la parte aerea cada seis semanas hasta la cosecha, sumando seis aplicaciones. Las variables evaluadas fueron: produccion de etileno, tasa de respiracion, concentracion de calcio en exocarpio y mesocarpio, firmeza, actividad de polifenoloxidasa, perdidas de peso y danos por frio. Se encontro que el Ca(NO3)2, a 0.3 y 0.5 %, disminuyo la tasa respiratoria, asi como la produccion de etileno durante el almacenamiento a temperatura ambiente y en frio. Se observo incremento de la concentracion de calcio en el exocarpio (0.085 %) cuando se asperjo 0.5 % de Ca(NO3)2, en comparacion del testigo (0.08 %). En mesocarpio se alcanzaron concentraciones de 0.081 % al asperjar Ca(NO3)2 al 0.3 % y 0.084 % con calcio al 0.5 %; valores superiores al testigo (0.078 %). En general, las aspersiones de Ca(NO3)2 disminuyeron la perdida de peso, la actividad de la polifenoloxidasa y el dano por frio.

Effect of preharvest calcium spraying on ripening and chilling injury in ‘Hass’ (Persea americana Mill.) avocado