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Antibiotic prophylaxis, a very brief course of antibiotics initiated just before the start of surgical procedures in clean, clean-contaminated and dirty procedures, is recommended to reduce postoperative infection. This study aimed to explore the evaluation of antibiotic usage in surgical prophylaxis to the hospital antibiotic policy and the incidences of Surgical Site Infection (SSI). Data was collected such as the timing of antibiotic dose, the antibiotic choice used, duration and type of surgery, etc. A total 100 patients who underwent elective surgical procedures fulfilled the criteria to be included in the study. The maximum percentage of cases (16%) were excision. In majority of the cases cefazolin (34%) and cefoperazone sulbactum combination (33%) was used as prophylaxis before surgery. Number of post-operative antibiotic prophylaxis mean =6.40 ± 4.568 dose. Gram-negative organisms isolated more like E. coli and Staphylococcus. E. coli are more seen in surgical pus than swab. 24 patients developed SSI. The duration of antibiotic prophylaxis not followed as per hospital antibiotic policy about 16%, dosing was about 36% and selection was 37%. Number of post-operative antibiotic prophylaxis consumption by DDD for 100 bed days =0.5908± 0.77228 dose. (Range 0-2.08 dose. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen found (29.44%). The rate of compliance with surgical antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines was still very poor. Building local hospital guidelines for surgical antibiotic prophylaxis, by adopting national or international guidelines needs to be done to overcome the problem of non-compliance to guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis

Evaluation and Guideline Preparation of Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in General Surgery Departments of A Tertiary Care Referral Hospital