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With the increasing advanced maternal age, the rate of caesarean sections has been increasing year by year, particularly in some Asian countries such as China (1). Regional anaesthesia is usually preferred for caesarean section because it can keep patients in a painless and awake state during the whole process. In addition, regional anaesthesia allows the mother to participate in the birth process, thereby avoiding anaesthetic drugs from entering the maternal blood circulation and decreasing the adverse effects and risks of general anaesthesia (2). However, parturients after foetal extraction may be reluctant to remain awake in an uncomfortable position potentially interfering with the end of surgical procedure (usually surgery ends within 20–30 min after the delivery) (3). For this reason, there is a need for improving confort of parturients during the caesarean delivery using drugs characterized by minimal haemodynamic and respiratory effects. Several agents such as midazolam, ketamine, propofol, remifentanil and dexmedetomidine have been used with this aim (4-6). Some recent placebo-controlled studies suggested that α-2 adrenergic agonists have both analgesic and sedative properties when used as adjuvants in regional anaesthesia (7). Dexmedetomidine is a α-2 receptor agonist, which is able to produce sedation and analgesia without the unwanted vascular effects due to the activation of α-1 receptors (7, 8).

Should We Use Dexmedetomidine for Sedation in Parturients Undergoing Caesarean Section Under Spinal Anaesthesia?