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The competitiveness in international trade has been based increasingly on the quality of traded goods, which makes the quality a key variable in determining the trade gains. Recent empirical studies argue that the traditional models of trade, ignoring the role of product quality, usually get elasticities biased price, compromising the correct evaluation of the determinants of trade and the development of commercial policies. This article attempts to quantify the effect of the quality of Brazil's import flows, for this, import demand equations are estimated, including a proxy for the quality of imported goods, based on pooled data panel considering the twenty major trading partners of Brazil. The results showed that the demand for Brazilian imports is more influenced by price than by quality, unlike the results obtained in the literature applied to developed countries. When considering the role of quality as one of the determinants of demand for imports on, it was found that its impact on imports of manufactured goods is positive and significant, since for all commodity variable showed a negative and insignificant coefficient in most estimations. The introduction of proxy for quality increased the price of the coefficient, this occurred more significantly in the estimates for the manufacturing sector, supporting the hypothesis of elasticities bias existence when estimated without considering the product differentiation.

blucher engineering proceedings

A elasticidade preço nas equações de demanda por importações considerando a qualidade dos produtos: estimativas para a economia brasileira (1996-2013).