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cegos congenitos, percepcao tatil, variaveis graficas, objetos tridimensionais Segundo os dados do Censo de 2010, divulgados pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica (IBGE) no Brasil, 23,9% da populacao possui necessidades educacionais especiais (PNEEs), sendo 75% composto por cegos congenitos (pessoas que nasceram cegas) excluidas na educacao brasileira devido a sua condicao. A carencia de politicas publicas voltadas a educacao dificulta sua ascensao ao mercado de trabalho e o contato entre cegos e videntes. Para conter esse problema, o referente artigo faz uma abordagem teorica sobre a percepcao tatil do cego congenito, atraves das sensacoes sinestesicas ou propriedades multisensoriais (superficie e geometricas). Alem disso, as variaveis graficas (orientacao da linha, uniao de pontos, exploracao da forma e elevacao da textura) auxiliam na construcao de codigos tateis para o reconhecimento de objetos tridimensionais. Os resultados apontaram a insercao das variaveis graficas associadas as propriedades da percepcao tatil (temperatura, dureza, textura, rugosidade, forma, tamanho, peso, volume e densidade) como elementos que facilitam a apreensao e identificacao imediata da informacao em um dado objeto. Por fim, conclui-se que a atuacao do design torna-se pertinente na selecao de variaveis graficas, pois auxiliam na exploracao tatil (codigos) de cegos congenitos na tentativa de traduzir de forma efetiva a informacao contida em objetos tridimensionais. congenital blind, tactile perception, graphic variables, three-dimensional According to 2010 Census data, released by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) in Brazil, 23.9% of the population has special educational needs (PNEEs), of which 75% consists of congenitally blind people (people born blind) Exclusive in Brazilian education because of their condition. The lack of public policies on education makes it difficult to rise to the labor market and the contact between blind and sighted. To counter this problem, the referring article is a theoretical approach to the tactile perception of the congenitally blind, through kinesthetic sensations or multi-sensory properties (surface and geometric). Moreover, the graphic variables (the line direction, connection points, operation of shape and texture elevation) aid in tactile building codes for recognizing three-dimensional objects. The results showed the insertion of graphic variables associated with the properties of tactile perception (temperature, hardness, texture, roughness, shape, size, weight, volume and density) as elements that facilitate the arrest and immediate identification information on a given object. Finally, it is concluded that the design of performance becomes relevant in the selection of graphic variables, for aid in tactile exploration (codes) of congenitally blind in trying to effectively translate the information into three-dimensional objects.

A percepção tátil de variáveis gráficas no reconhecimento de objetos tridimensionais para cegos congênitos