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A field experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research and Experiments Station, College of Agriculture, AlMuthanna University, during the winter season (2019-2020), to determine the contribution of the main stem and tillers of some Triticum aestivum L. wheat cultivars to the number of grains per spike. The experiment included a study of the effect of four cultivars of bread wheat (Iraq, Bahoth 22, IBA 99 and Iranian), and five levels of nitrogen fertilizer were 0 kg N. ha (without addition); 75 kg N.ha (zero emergence, 25 kg tillering, 25 kg elongation, 25 kg booting); 100 kg N.ha (12.5 kg emergence, 25 kg tillering, 50 kg elongation, 12.5 kg booting); 125 kg N.ha (25 kg emergence, 25 kg tillering, 50 kg elongation, 25 kg booting); and 200 kg N.ha (50 kg emergence, 50 kg tillering, 50 kg elongation, 50 kg booting). The experiment was carried out according to the arrangement of the split-plot, using the Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D) with three replicates, the nitrogen fertilizer levels were placed in the main-plot, and cultivars in the sub-plot. The results showed that the Bahoth22 cultivar was outperformed on the number of grains per spike (57.34 grain. Spike), as for the contribution of the main stem and body tillers, the largest contribution to the number of grains in the spike came from the main stem of all the studied varieties, the contribution of the first tiller came in the second place, then the second and third tillers, reaching the lowest contribution with the fourth tiller. As for nitrogen fertilizer, the results showed that the amount of fertilizer exceeded 200 kg N. ha in the number of grains for the main stem and the first, second, third and fourth tillers, it averaged 50.98, 46.92, 39.23, 27.28 and 21.67 grains per spike, respectively. As for the interaction between the two experiment factors, the combination (Iraq cultivar × 200 kg N. ha) outperformed the number of grains for the first, second, third and fourth tillers, which amounted to 53.13, 41.13, 31.67, and 25.00 grain. spike respectively. The results of the contribution of the main stem and tillers to the number of spike grains were similar to the results of the factors which are alone, revealed that the high contribution of the main stem does not necessarily mean the efficiency of the fertilizer treatment, in terms of superiority in grain yield at the level of individual yield, or the community yield of plants, because it will be at the expense of the late, which were absent sometimes or coincide with completely unsuitable climatic conditions, limit its contribution to the formation of the yield.

CONTRIBUTION OF THE MAIN STEM AND TILLERS OF SOME CULTIVARS OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) UNDER DIFFERENT LEVELS OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER