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Acute psychological stress is known to alter components o f cellular im m unity in human beings.1 For instance, T-suppressor/cytotoxic (CD8) and natural killer (NK) cells in the peripheral circulation typically increase in concentration within minutes o f the onset o f common stressors.2 These changes are often attributed to processes such as lymphocyte migration from lymphoid organs to circulating blood or demargination of endothelium-adherent lymphocytes.3 It is also possible that the lymphocyte population may rise in their relative blood concentration due to a concomitant reduction in plasma volume.4 It is becoming more apparent that an understanding o f immunocompetence is inadequate in explaining the effect of stress on im m unity w ithout consideration of psychological stressors and autonomic psychophysiology. Investigations o f these interactions have been stimulated by research demonstrating the direct and moderating effects o f psychosocial factors on imm une competence.5 Psychological stress may affect many aspects o f the integrative network between the immune, central nervous and endocrine system in both animal and humans. The complex effects o f psychological stress on the interactions among these three systems has been subject to studies in the rapidly developing field of psychoneuro-immunology.6 Like many medical and dental procedures, blood donation can be a stressful experience,7 especially for first­ time donors.5 chronic or long-term psychological stressors such as marital strife and bereavement are associated with immunological down-regulation.8 Unlike these chronic stressors, transient psychological stress is a ubiquitous part o f nearly everyone’s daily life. The immunological consequences of brief psychological stressors have only recently been examined. Laboratory stressors such as public speaking, academic

Effect of stress on immunity: a study among healthy blood donors at King Abdul Aziz University Hospital, Jeddah