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Corynebacterium propinquum (C. propinquum) is part of the normal oropharyngeal flora. Originally called CDC coryneform ANF-3 (absolute nonfermenter), it was Riegel et al. in 1993 who proposed the name C. propinquum. On gram stain, it shows corynebacterial forms after 24 hours’ incubation on sheep blood agar. Colonies appear whitish, nonhemolytic and 1-2 mm in diameter with a matted surface. C. propinquum is nonlipophilic, catalase positive, reduces nitrate and hydrolyzes tyrosine, but does not hydrolyze urea or esculin, and also does not ferment sugars. CAMP test for the organism is usually negative. Clinical infections by C. propinquum are rare. There has only been one previously reported case of native valve endocarditis due to Corynebacterium ANF-3, in 1994, but there have been no reports of this organism as a causative agent of lower respiratory tract infection in the English and nonEnglish literature over the last 20 years. In this report, we describe a case of pleural effusion which grew C. propinquum in a patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. The organism was multiresistant to penicillin, cefuroxime, gentamicin, erythromycin, clindamycin, rifampicin and vancomycin, but sensitive to ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, imipenem, tetracycline, and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. To our knowledge, this is the second reported case of clinically significant C. propinquum infection.

Pleural Effusion Due toCorynebacterium Propinquumin a Patient with Squamous Cell Carcinoma