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OBJECTIVE: To trace the infection profile of Mayaro virus (MAYV) and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in four different cell lineages.   MATERIALS AND METHODS: The isolates of these viruses were used to infect cultures of the following cell lineages - C6/36, VERO, BHK-21, and LLC-MK2 - under the multiplicity of infection of 1 PFU/cell, which were monitored for up to 96 h post-infection (hpi) by phase-contrast microscopy to register the cytopathic effect (CPE); and in addition were subjected to indirect immunofluorescence (iIF) and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays for virus antigen detection and RNA load determination, respectively.   RESULTS: For both viruses, VERO and BHK-21 cells had CPE of 24 hpi, LLC-MK2 cells presented CPE from 48 hpi, and C6/36 did not present any CPE. In the iIF assays, all cells were already positive at 6 hpi, with the exception of CHIKV-infected LLC-MK2 and BHK-21 cells. Finally, qRT-PCR assays showed that in general cells infected with MAYV presented higher RNA load, although CHIKV-infected LLC-MK2 cells showed the highest RNA load.   CONCLUSION: By evaluating the behavior of these arboviruses in different types of cell cultures, including some not commonly used in the laboratory diagnostic routine, the present study provides not only a better comprehension of the replication kinetics of MAYV and CHIKV, but also opportunities for the optimization of their diagnosis in biological samples.

Infection profiles of Mayaro virus and Chikungunya virus in mammalian and mosquito cell lineages