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Communication protocols for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) follow either anOptimum Routing Approach (ORA) or the Least Overhead Routing Approach (LORA):With ORA, protocols tend to determine and use the optimal communicationstructure at every time instant; whereas with LORA, a protocol tends to use achosen communication structure as long as it exists. In this paper, we studythe impact of the ORA and LORA strategies on minimum hop routes and minimumconnected dominating sets (MCDS) in MANETs. Our primary hypothesis is that theLORA strategy could yield routes with a larger time-averaged hop count and MCDSnode size when compared to the minimum hop count of routes and the node size ofthe MCDS determined using the ORA strategy. Our secondary hypothesis is thatthe impact of ORA vs. LORA also depends on how long the communication structureis being used. Our hypotheses are evaluated using extensive simulations underdiverse conditions of network density, node mobility and mobility models suchas the Random Waypoint model, City Section model and the Manhattan model. Inthe case of minimum hop routes, which exist for relatively a much longer timecompared to the MCDS, the hop count of routes maintained according to LORA,even though not dramatically high, is appreciably larger (6-12%) than thosemaintained according to ORA; on the other hand, the number of nodesconstituting a MCDS maintained according to LORA is only at most 6% larger thanthe node size of a MCDS maintained under the ORA strategy.

Impact of the Optimum Routing and Least Overhead Routing Approaches on Minimum Hop Routes and Connected Dominating Sets in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks I