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Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung diseasediagnosed in premature infants, which may cause severe respiratory failuredue to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. The aim of this study wasto assess the incidence and severity of BPD in infants born before 28 weeksof gestational age (GA) enrolled into the Polish National Program for RSVProphylaxis (PNPRSVP).    Material and methods  A  retrospective analysis of data on children bornin 2013 included in a prophylaxis program during the seasons 2012–2013and 2013–2014. The following data were evaluated: the need for oxygentherapy for at least 28 days and the need for oxygen therapy at 36 weeks ofpostmenstrual age (PMA).    Results  The analysis was carried out in a group of 603 children, who constituted 87.7% of the population entitled to prophylactic administration ofpalivizumab. BPD was diagnosed in 80.9% of extremely preterm infants;however, in 70.7% of cases the disease was mild. The risk factors for thedevelopment of BPD were GA, birth weight and birth weight below the 10thcentile for GA. During the program, the median number of doses receivedwas 5 (range 1–5), and 82.3% of children received all of the expected doses.    Conclusions  Although the incidence of BPD in extremely preterm infantswas high, mainly its mild form was recognized. Monitoring of the incidenceof the disease and identifying the risk factors can be carried out effectivelybased on long-term data collected during the PNPRSVP.

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The incidence and risk factors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely preterm infants included in the Polish National Program for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prophylaxis