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Introduction  Changes typical for cerebral small vessel disease (i.a. whitematter hyperintensities – WMHs) are often found accidentally in neuroimaging studies. Although asymptomatic, this condition increases the risk of future ischaemic incidents and neurodegenerative disorders. Sleep apnoea isa recognised risk factor for vascular diseases. The aim of our study was toassess the prevalence of, and association between, obstructive sleep apnea(OSA) and cerebral small vessel disease in the studied population.    Material and methods  Two hundred and seven patients (participantsof  Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology Study) took part in our study.The study group consisted of 31 patients with OSA (11 women and 20 men).Nine of them were diagnosed with mild OSA, nine with moderate OSA, and13 with severe OSA. The control group consisted of 176 patients (133 women and 43 men) who scored 0–2 points in the  STOP-BANG questionnaire.All patients underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging. We evaluatedthe occurrence and severity of WMHs.    Results  Significantly higher incidence of  WMHs was found in the  studygroup compared to controls. In univariate analyses, age was a  significantpredictor of periventricular white matter changes. For subcortical area, ageand waist-to-hip ratio were significant predictors.    Conclusions  Significantly higher incidence of WMHs in the studied group suggests that patients with OSA may have a higher risk of neurodegeneration.

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Magnetic resonance white matter changes in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea. The subset of the PURE-MIND (Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological) cohort study