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performing a series of load-controlled cyclic loading tensile tests. Cyclic tensile loads were applied at two or three different load levels, at five different loading frequencies with two different load amplitudes. Creep loading tests were performed at the same loading levels as the cyclic loading tests. The two potential influencing factors for the development of residual deformation of geogrid during cyclic loading are; 1) loading rate effects due to material viscous properties; and 2) time-independent cyclic loading effects. Among the two, the loading rate effects are much more dominant on the residual deformation during cyclic loading within the limit of the test conditions in the present study, showing that it is necessary to introduce the loading rate effects in a constitutive model to predict the residual deformation of geogrid subjected to cyclic loading.

Effects of Viscous Property on Residual Deformation of Geogrid Subjected to Cyclic Loading