English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Several fault-drilling projects have been conducted with the common aim of seeking direct access to zones of active faulting and understanding the fundamental processes governing earthquakes and fault behavior, as well as the factors that control their natural variability. Here, we review recent scientific drilling projects related to the Nojima Fault which slipped during the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu Earthquake, the Chelungpu Fault which slipped during the 1999 Taiwan Chi-Chi earthquake, the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth, and the Nankai Trough Seismo genic Zone Experiment. We also briefly introduce the ongoing drilling research by the Geophysical Observatory at the North Anatolian Fault Zone, the Deep Fault Drilling Project at the Alpine Fault, and the Japan Trench Fast Drilling Project. One of the main findings of fault-drilling research is a better understanding of the physicochemical processes of the primary slip zone during an earthquake, which is closely related to the mechanism of dynamic fault weakening. In the case of the Chelungpu fault, integrated research with borehole experiments, core sample analyses, and numerical simulations were performed, and the results indicate that thermal pressurization occurred during the 1999 earthquake, explain ing the peculiar seismic behavior during the earthquake. These fault-drilling projects relat ed to active faults certainly improve our knowledge and understanding of earthquakes. In addition, we discuss new technical problems related to handling core samples, identifying the latest slip zone, and overprinting by ancient earthquake events. * 大阪大学大学院理学研究科宇宙地球科学専攻 ** 独立行政法人防災科学技術研究所観測・予測研究領域地震・火山防災研究ユニット *** 東京学芸大学教育学部 **** 独立行政法人海洋研究開発機構地球深部探査センター  京都大学防災研究所地震防災研究部門  東京大学地震研究所地震予知研究センター * Department of Earth and Space Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan ** Earthquake and Volcano Research Unit, Monitoring and Forecast Research Department, National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention, Tsukuba, 305-0006, Japan *** Faculty of Education, Tokyo Gakugei University, Tokyo, 184-8501, Japan **** Center for Deep Earth Exploration, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokoyama, 236-0001, Japan  Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan  Earthquake Prediction Research Center, Earthquake Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032,

Fault-Drilling Investigation of Earthquake Slip Behavior and Physicochemical Processes